光学窗口微波虚拟赋形方法研究

Investigation on microwave virtual beam-forming method of optical window

  • 摘要: 透明光学窗口的光学与电磁分离(又称作光学透明电磁屏蔽)在无线通信、国防建设和航天工程等领域具有重要意义,为了在不改变光学窗口基底面型的前提下,实现雷达波散射截面优化或隐身功能,亟待发展新型的光学/电磁功能材料。提出一种基于金属栅格的电磁超构材料(electromagnetic metamaterial based on metal mesh,EMMM)图案化方法,设计了微波波段散射特性可调谐的光学透明谐振基元,在此基础上,利用广义形式的斯涅耳定律,对球冠型曲面光学窗口展开设计,使其具备双金属倾斜板的微波散射性能。数值计算结果显示,通过在球冠状曲面光学窗口上共形施加图案化光学透明谐振基元,实现了频率19 GHz处的虚拟赋形,具体为垂直入射电磁波被反射至(54.4°, 0.0°)和(54.4°, 180.0°)方向,与赋形目标双金属倾斜板的2个预设方向(50.0°, 0.0°)和(50.0°, 180.0°)基本一致。由此可见,图案化EMMM的策略能够灵活调控光学/电磁窗口的微波散射特性,该研究成果在雷达散射截面缩减、电磁防护、智能通信与可穿戴设备等领域具有重要应用价值。

     

    Abstract: The separation technology of optical and electromagnetic signal of optical window, known as transparent electromagnetic shielding technology, is important in fields such as communication, defense and aerospace. Particularly, in the fields of aerospace and defense, the instruments for optical detection are widely equipped by aircraft and weapon, which require that the optical windows must shield harmful electromagnetic wave,have highly optical transmission and has excellent imaging performance. To realize radar cross section optimization or stealth function without changing the base of optical windows, it is urgent to develop new optical/electromagnetic functional materials. We proposed a patternring method for electromagnetic metamaterial based on metal mesh (EMMM) and designed optically transparent resonant units with tunable scattering characteristics in microwave band. The optical window with spherical cap surface was designed by using generalized Snell's law to mimic microwave scattering characteristics of double-metal inclined plate. Numerical results validate the achievement of virtual beam shaping for the optical window with spherical cap surface at 19 GHz. And the vertically incident electromagnetic waves are modulated to the directions (54.4°, 0.0°) and (54.4°, 180.0°), which match that of the target metal inclined plate with (50.0°, 0.0°) and (50.0°, 180.0°). The patterned EMMM strategy can flexibly regulate the microwave scattering characteristics of the optical/electromagnetic window, and the research results have important application prospects in the fields of radar cross section reduction, electromagnetic protection, intelligent communication and wearable devices.

     

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