Abstract: The current calibration status of the lens center deviation measuring instrument was introduced, and designed the use of an optical angle gauge to calibrate the indication error of the self collimating light tube of the lens center deviation measuring instrument. By analyzing the basic principle of optical angle gauges, the definition of deviation angle, and the conversion relationship between deviation angle and wedge angle, a detailed explanation of how to choose an optical angle gauge and how to use an optical angle gauge to calibrate and trace the display error of the self collimating light tube of the lens center deviation measuring instrument was provided. Used first class optical angle gauges with nominal values of 2' and 5', which had been traced by the National Institute of Metrology, calibration were conducted on a single optical path device and a dual optical path device. The measurement repeatability was better than 0.1" and the uncertainty reached 0.11". The results indicate that the optical angle gauge can effectively solve the calibration and traceability problem of the self collimating light tube indication error of high-precision lens center deviation measuring instruments.