Abstract: At present, underwater high-speed wireless optical communication technology has become the research hotspot of underwater wireless data communication, favored by more and more scholars. For the technical difficulties of long distance and easy alignment of underwater optical communication, this paper designs and realizes an underwater optical communication system with large receiving field of view angle and high sensitivity detection circuit based on blue-green LED light source; the transmitting optical power reaches 1.2 W, the receiving field of view angle is more than 60°, and the detection sensitivity is better than −60 dBm; the testing of the principle engineering prototype reveals that: the system can realize text, picture, and real-time video data communication under the water environment with the water attenuation degree of 0.85 dBm·m⁻¹, and the system can realize the data communication of text, picture, and real-time video data. Through the test of the principle engineering prototype, it is shown that in the water quality attenuation degree of 0.85 dBm·m⁻¹, the system can realize the high-speed transmission of text, pictures, real-time video data streams, etc. The data transmission rate is 10 Mbps, the communication distance is 40 m, and the communication bit error rate is zero.