Abstract: Dynamic deformation of aircraft wings during flight significantly impacts aircraft performance and safety. Binocular vision measurement technology enables non-contact, high-precision three-dimensional measurement, however, conventional methods are susceptible to ambient light interference and exhibit limited real-time performance. This paper presented a novel binocular vision measurement method for wing deformation based on active luminous markers. Through the implementation of active luminous markers and a feature mask-based rapid centroid localization algorithm, the method effectively mitigated the issues of marker identification difficulty and measurement accuracy degradation caused by environmental lighting variations. Additionally, a error model for the displacement measurement of the binocular vision system was established based on error theory. Experimental results demonstrated that when measuring static deformation displacement and dynamic deflection angles of a morphing wing, the experimental errors correlated well with the proposed error model. The displacement errors were less than 0.5 mm and angular errors were within 0.5°. For dynamic measurements at frequencies up to 150 Hz, the correlation coefficient with the reference signal exceeded 0.97. The system offers advantages including robustness for environmental light interference, high real-time performance, and low equipment requirements, providing a practical solution for wing deformation monitoring.